Signal Spain's population grew about 24 percent since 1990, sustained by immigration

Summary

According to the report, Spain's population has grown by 24 percent since 1990. This growth is explained by the arrival of foreign residents and a still favourable population pyramid offsetting the fall in fertility. A chart breaks down the 1990 to 2023 change, showing a total rise of 23.6 percent with contributions of 21.9 from the foreign population, 18.9 from age structure and 1.1 from mortality, against minus 18 from fertility. For Europe as a whole, the report says population would have started falling about a decade ago without immigration. The Spanish case thus shows how much immigration has done to sustain population size. Even so, the report expects future decline in southern Europe to stem mainly from low fertility.