S1 Demographics & Migration
by main topic: 127
Issues 14
- IssueA youth settlement ecosystem to live, work and grow in the regions1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueAgenda 8: Realising Vital Ageing and leading the global silver industry through Age Tech2 trends · 2 signals
- IssueConnecting hub-city growth to depopulating farming, fishing and mountain villages1 trends · 1 signals
- IssueGrowth of single-person and multicultural households0 trends · 1 signals
- IssueIntergenerational fairness under ageing and climate costs2 trends · 1 signals
- IssueKorean vulnerability: Demographic compression0 trends · 2 signals
- IssueMigration infrastructure holds value even if automation advances1 trends · 0 signals
- IssuePopulation growth translates into food, housing, migration and resource pressure1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueRealigning Korea's R&D and innovation policy toward demographic change1 trends · 1 signals
- IssueRegion-led immigration and settlement policy to counter regional decline1 trends · 1 signals
- IssueScale and pace of foreign labour intake in Korea2 trends · 0 signals
- IssueTension between moderate population growth and dependence on migrant labour2 trends · 0 signals
- IssueThe plan faults past population policy for chasing short-term fertility gains instead of structural reform1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueThe plan's three-track population strategy: overcome low fertility, adapt to structural change and ease regional imbalance1 trends · 0 signals
Trends 30
Macroeconomy & Finance 4
- TrendLow fertility and ageing are bringing a demographic onus to the Korean economy1 signals
- TrendMegatrend 3: Demographic change and transition to a shrinking society1 signals
- TrendOver-65 share projected to rise from 19% to 22% by 20320 signals
- TrendRapid population ageing weighs on both labour input and productivity2 signals
Industry & Supply Chains 1
Labor & Future of Work 10
- TrendAccelerating regional decline as manufacturing jobs shrink and young people leave2 signals
- TrendAgeing of Korea's workforce around the baby-boom generation3 signals
- TrendHealthy longevity is reframed as workforce infrastructure rather than personal health3 signals
- TrendMegatrend 1: Demographic system transition2 signals
- TrendMegatrend 3: demographic imbalances9 signals
- TrendMigration infrastructure8 signals
- TrendMigration-driven population growth in the Netherlands1 signals
- TrendRedefining old age by remaining life expectancy rather than a fixed 65 threshold2 signals
- TrendSocio-economic shocks from falling births, rapid ageing and regional population imbalance are materialising1 signals
- TrendUK population ageing despite migration4 signals
Geopolitics & Security 1
- TrendRising forced displacement tied to conflict0 signals
Democracy & Governance 2
Cities & Housing 6
- TrendAging populations push health systems from acute treatment toward prevention and function2 signals
- TrendDouble ageing and shrinking household size3 signals
- TrendMigration to innovation cities shifts from job-driven moves to settlement-driven moves3 signals
- TrendPopulation decline is spreading to Korea's non-capital regions and their metropolitan hubs3 signals
- TrendPopulation decline turns regional depopulation into a crisis of community safety0 signals
- TrendPopulation growth continues, with wide uncertainty1 signals
Welfare & Health 5
- TrendAgeing spreading to the Global South as life expectancy rises0 signals
- TrendCompressed modernity drives an extreme demographic transition in Korea and Japan4 signals
- TrendKinship is being assembled deliberately rather than inherited6 signals
- TrendPopulation pyramids turn into obelisks as low fertility spreads from rich to emerging economies2 signals
- TrendTrend H: Transition to a decline-adaptive society1 signals
Religion & Identity 1
- TrendMigration and growing cultural diversity1 signals
Signals 83
Macroeconomy & Finance 8
- SignalCapital-region share of Korea's population hit a record 51.7 percent in 2023
- SignalGWI cites 2030 boomer threshold and 70 percent long-term support estimate
- SignalGreek old age ratio put at 37.8% in 2020 and 79.7% in 2060
- SignalJapan's population has been shrinking since 2010 and both countries face deep decline by 2050
- SignalKorea entered a super-aged phase while dependency pressure accelerates
- SignalOECD old age ratio from 20% to 31% over forty years, and 58% projected for 2060
- SignalOld-age dependency ratios in Korea and Japan are projected to approach 80 by 2050
- SignalThe EU workforce is projected to shrink by about two million people a year toward 2040
Labor & Future of Work 21
0-3 years 7
- SignalCapital-region movers skew older and more family-driven than movers from neighbouring provinces
- SignalEducation has become a rising motive for young people moving to innovation cities
- SignalKorea became a super-aged society in December 2024 at a record pace
- SignalKorea's total population has been falling since 2021 with world-low fertility
- SignalOver 50 countries now allow foreigners to live and work remotely for up to two years
- SignalSkilled worker visa launched in 2020 for shortage roles
- SignalSpain's population grew about 24 percent since 1990, sustained by immigration
4-10 years 5
- Signal'Tsunami' of emigration reshapes Israel's future, experts warn
- SignalKorea's population aged 15 and over grows only 0.3 percent a year to 2033
- SignalKorea's population aged 15 to 64 falls about 1.1 percent a year through 2033
- SignalKorea's prime working-age share (30 to 59) drops from 51.4 to 46.2 percent by 2033
- SignalSuper-aging status and rising statutory retirement ages reshape the employer base
11-30 years 9
- SignalAbout 42% of the labour force with a migration background around 2050
- SignalGreece ranked fourth worldwide for working age population loss by 2050
- SignalKorea's working-age population shrinks by about 500,000 a year in the 2030s and labour turns into a drag
- SignalKorea's working-age population, past its 2019 peak, is projected to shrink by about 13 million by 2050
- SignalMigration Policy Institute: immigration is only 'half an answer' to population aging
- SignalOECD dependency ratio to 52% by 2060, with EU growth already entirely from migration
- SignalReport names Japan, South Korea and China as rapidly ageing while Africa's young cohort comes of age
- SignalStatistics Korea medium projection used for 2050: 47.11 million people, 40.1 percent aged 65 or over
- SignalSub-Saharan Africa's working-age population to reach 1.6 billion by 2050
Trade & Economic Security 1
Resources, Food & Water 2
Geopolitics & Security 3
Democracy & Governance 7
- SignalBorders stratify by skill and wealth as humanitarian routes tighten
- SignalDHS 'public charge' immigration rule takes effect amid state and city lawsuits
- SignalFederal judge strikes down Trump policy suspending immigrant visas from 75 countries
- SignalInnovation-city inflows came mainly from neighbouring provinces rather than the capital region
- SignalKorean audit projects most local governments at high risk of extinction by 2067
- SignalNet inflows to most innovation cities peaked in 2014 and 2015 and several have turned to net outflow
- SignalWHO Decade of Healthy Ageing framed as the reference for age-friendly environments
Cities & Housing 10
- SignalAll five non-capital metropolitan cities have passed their population peaks
- SignalJapanese municipalities at risk of extinction fell from 896 to 744 between the 2014 and 2024 assessments
- SignalMunicipalities under 10,000 residents gained 150,000 people between 2019 and 2022
- SignalNearly half of Korea's 228 local districts are classified as at risk of population extinction
- SignalOnly 71.4 percent of relocated agency staff moved with their families as of June 2025
- SignalPast PwC research finds older adults prefer to age at home if support exists
- SignalSejong drew the largest capital-region inflow but turned to net outflow for the first time in 2025
- SignalSingle mothers forming shared households
- SignalSingle-person households rose from 15.5 percent of Korean households in 2000 to 36.1 percent in 2024
- SignalThe capital region's population share passed 50 percent in 2020 and is projected to reach 53 percent by 2045
Welfare & Health 11
- SignalKorea and Japan rank among the longest-lived populations in the OECD
- SignalKorea's old-age dependency ratio is projected to rise to about 47 by the 2030s
- SignalKorea's total fertility rate has stayed below 1.0 since 2018
- SignalOne in four Europeans aged 65 and over by 2050
- SignalOver-65s outnumber under-20s in 2025
- SignalOver-85s projected to exceed one million by 2060
- SignalPortugal signs law strengthening protection for stateless persons
- SignalProspective old-age threshold in Spain rising from 65 (1970) to 76 (2050)
- SignalPwC identifies the 'carer shopper' choosing health tools for an older relative
- SignalSeoul's fertility rate of 0.58 was Korea's lowest in 2024 as regional gaps weigh on births
- SignalSingapore PM Wong flags 'major review' of family support as fertility rate hits record low 0.87
AI & Computing 3
Digital Infrastructure & Cyber 1
Values & Lifestyles 4
Other 12
- SignalAustralian PM Denies Refugee Intake Cut, Confirms 20,000 Quota
- SignalAverage net migration of 200,000 a year over 2011 to 2021
- SignalFertility fell to a record low 1.58 in 2020, 1.61 in 2021
- SignalKorea's population peaked in 2020 and is projected to fall to about 48.8 million by 2045
- SignalNet migration above 100,000 a year; natural increase negative
- SignalPopulation projected at 20.6 million in 2070 (band 17.5 to 23.9 million)
- SignalSouthern European populations could fall around 10 percent by 2050, mainly through low fertility
- SignalSpain Regularizes 500,000 Undocumented Immigrants to Counter Demographic Decline
- SignalUK population reached 67 million, up 3.7 million in a decade
- SignalUnderstanding Human Perception of Representation in Citizens' Assemblies: An Empirical Study
- SignalWorld population +1.5 billion by 2050, peaking around 2086 at 10.2 billion
- SignalWorld population milestones from 2.6 billion in 1950 to 7 billion in 2011
Objects with this as a secondary topic 168
Macroeconomy & Finance 18
0-3 years 3
- SignalOECD estimates Korea's potential growth falling from 3.08 percent in 2015 to 1.52 percent in 2027
- SignalSupply-side erosion: a shrinking workforce, net capital outflow and falling world market shares
- SignalSurvey: public points to demographic change, experts to new growth engines as Korea's main 2026 challenge
4-10 years 4
- TrendAgeing is structurally lowering Korean households' propensity to consume0 signals
- SignalKDI projections cited in the plan show Korea's potential growth rate sliding toward zero within a decade
- TrendKorea risks sliding back to middle-income status as low growth meets demographic and trade headwinds1 signals
- IssueSustaining growth under labour supply constraints in Korea1 trends · 1 signals
11-30 years 11
- SignalAgeing alone will cut per-capita GDP growth, most sharply in Korea
- SignalIf current trends persist Korea's potential growth falls to around one percent in the 2030s
- SignalKDI projects Korea's potential growth falling from about three percent to the zero percent range by the 2040s
- TrendKorea's economic fundamentals erode as potential growth falls about one point per administration4 signals
- TrendKorea's potential growth is sliding on a shrinking workforce, weak investment and stalled productivity2 signals
- TrendKorea's potential growth rate is on a structural decline that science and AI could reverse1 signals
- TrendKorea's potential growth rate trends toward zero in the 2040s3 signals
- SignalKorea's working-age population projected to fall from 37.5 million in 2020 to about 25 million by 2040 as national debt climbs
- SignalProspective ageing measure halves the OECD growth drag from a shrinking working-age population
- IssueRestructuring and rising volatility of capital and financial markets0 trends · 1 signals
- IssueShrinking tax base and the restructuring of public finances0 trends · 1 signals
Industry & Supply Chains 5
- IssueAI and robots running industry and national systems in a shrinking-workforce Korea0 trends · 1 signals
- IssueGrowing an age-friendly industry in Korea2 trends · 0 signals
- IssueSlowing industrial growth in a shrinking society0 trends · 0 signals
- IssueThe silver economy rests on assumptions about health and retirement age1 trends · 0 signals
- TrendTransition to a silver economy reshapes industries1 signals
Labor & Future of Work 41
0-3 years 10
- SignalA fifth of labour migrants' potential unused
- SignalA third of educated immigrants overqualified; 73% in Korea
- SignalCanada's skilled immigration policy is named beside Estonia, Singapore and other talent programmes
- SignalFemale labour participation: Sweden 82 percent versus Spain 75 percent (ages 25 to 64)
- SignalGet Britain Working White Paper 2024 targets rising inactivity
- SignalKorea's net outflow of science and technology talent has deepened, with departing researchers of higher calibre
- TrendMenopause support becomes a talent-retention priority for employers0 signals
- SignalSaudi official outlines anti-trafficking measures amid rise of online scam recruitment
- SignalTramadol abuse reaches 30% pooled prevalence in studied West African populations
- SignalWorkers aged 60 and over participate and earn far less than prime-age workers
4-10 years 23
- IssueAgenda 7: Becoming a talent power by building a global innovation talent hub0 trends · 1 signals
- SignalBoth male and female labour forces in Korea turn down after 2028
- IssueCareers extending into the 70s and 80s while AI removes jobs1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueClaim that automation will offset the shrinking workforce1 trends · 0 signals
- SignalGlobal labour force participation projected to fall 0.2 points a year
- TrendHeavy reliance on knowledge and labour migrants1 signals
- IssueIndustrial products: widening the pool rather than deepening the pipeline1 trends · 0 signals
- SignalKorea's economically active population peaks around 2028 and edges down to 29.45 million by 2033
- SignalKorea's labour force participation rate slips from 64.3 to 63.2 percent by 2033 despite gains in every age group
- SignalKorean employment rises only 312,000 by 2033 and begins falling after 2028
- IssueMitigating labour force shrinkage through women, older workers and foreign labour1 trends · 0 signals
- TrendOnset of labour supply constraints in Korea7 signals
- TrendPopulation ageing reshaping Korean labour demand toward health and care3 signals
- IssueProductivity, participation and tailored migration as a combined response1 trends · 1 signals
- TrendRising female labour force participation in Korea1 signals
- TrendSkills shortages and mismatches rising with technological and demographic change10 signals
- IssueSoft-landing the baby boomers' exit and re-employing older workers in Korea1 trends · 1 signals
- TrendStructural labour-market tightness from ageing and de-greening0 signals
- IssueTargeted activation of latent labour in Korea1 trends · 1 signals
- IssueTechnology becomes the default answer to a shrinking finance talent pool1 trends · 2 signals
- IssueTipping point 2: from cost efficiency to value creation2 trends · 1 signals
- IssueWork-family balance support and shared replacement staffing for SMEs1 trends · 1 signals
- SignalYouth and core-age labour force shrink while workers aged 55 and over surge to 2033
11-30 years 7
- SignalCPA exam candidates fell 27% in a decade while three-quarters of accountants near retirement
- IssueFuture competition for labour migrants as origin countries age1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueLabor shortages from a shrinking working-age population1 trends · 1 signals
- SignalOlder people take a growing share of work and consumption in first-wave countries
- IssueRestructuring of Korea's labour market under population decline0 trends · 0 signals
- SignalSpain's labour force could shrink by up to 3 million by 2050 at constant participation
- TrendSustaining employment with a shrinking and ageing European population5 signals
Other 1
- IssueFlipping the Career Ladder1 trends · 0 signals
Climate Change & Adaptation 2
Resources, Food & Water 6
- SignalFood output to double in four decades and water use up 30% by 2030
- SignalHalf of humanity under seasonal water stress, 1.8 billion in absolute scarcity
- SignalNature Geoscience: 6.5 Billion People to Face Severe Water Scarcity by 2050 (Jan 2026)
- SignalPopulation doubled and GDP rose tenfold in fifty years; ecological deficit since 1970
- IssueWater demand rises exponentially while supply turns volatile4 trends · 1 signals
- SignalWater-Related Conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa Surge 36% — 76 Cases in 2024
Ecosystems & Biodiversity 1
- IssueRange shifts, invasive species and ocean acidification disrupting food chains1 trends · 0 signals
Geopolitics & Security 7
- SignalBenin attack fatalities up nearly 70% as JNIM reaches Nigeria
- IssueConflict cascades1 trends · 6 signals
- TrendConflicts proliferating and intensifying7 signals
- SignalKorea's conscription pool falls from about 330,000 to 250,000 and is projected to halve by 2065
- IssueShrinking military manpower and the restructuring of national defence0 trends · 1 signals
- SignalSudan: RSF committed crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing in el-Fasher (Amnesty)
- TrendThe Sahel's G-Zero: jihadist expansion into coastal West Africa2 signals
Democracy & Governance 19
0-3 years 10
- Signal113 of Korea's 228 basic local governments are classified at risk of extinction
- SignalDenver, Latino civil rights groups sue to block armed ICE at polling places
- SignalFederal Judge Blocks New York's ICE Mask Ban Law on Supremacy Clause Grounds
- SignalKorea's first wave relocated 153 public agencies to ten innovation cities and Sejong
- SignalMorocco Votes for New Parliament After Gen Z Protests and Ceuta Migration Surge
- SignalPaid paternity leave now exists in 105 of 186 countries but averages four days
- SignalTrump Signs Narrowed Executive Orders Targeting Birthright Citizenship and Birth Tourism
- SignalTrump Signs New Executive Orders Restricting Birthright Citizenship
- SignalTuvalu has asked the United Nations to recognize it as a digital state
- SignalUSCIS Policy Change Expands Authority to Deny Applications Without Request for Evidence
4-10 years 8
- IssueElectoral cycles make migration policy unplannable1 trends · 0 signals
- SignalHong Kong unveils its first Five-Year Plan alongside Policy Address
- SignalItaly extends border controls with Spain as about ten EU countries reintroduce temporary internal checks
- TrendKorea's rapid rise coexists with a deepening sense of national crisis0 signals
- TrendQuadruple transition breeds super wicked problems that strain government capacity0 signals
- IssueResetting the second relocation's goal from capital-region dispersion to non-capital growth hubs1 trends · 2 signals
- IssueShifting balanced development from even dispersion to selective hub strengthening2 trends · 1 signals
- TrendStory 6: network states, digital nations and global citizenship contest statehood4 signals
11-30 years 1
- IssueWeakening functions of local administration0 trends · 1 signals
Tech·Digital Policy 1
Cities & Housing 21
0-3 years 6
- Signal80 percent of Spain's population lived in cities in 2024, up from 72 percent in the 1980s
- SignalHousing absorption failing: 5.1 Canadian residents per new home against a 1.9 average
- SignalNew urban definition puts 76.5% of people in cities in 2015, against 54% previously
- SignalOnly eight of Japan's 47 prefectures grew during the high-growth era as Tokyo kept drawing people
- SignalOnly the Seoul capital region kept growing in Korea after the high-growth era
- SignalPopulation outcomes diverge sharply by innovation-city development type
4-10 years 7
- TrendA triple burden of capital-region concentration, regional industrial crisis and rapid demographic change2 signals
- IssueAbsorption capacity, not supply or demand, is the binding constraint1 trends · 0 signals
- TrendCapital-region concentration is spreading production and income gaps into asset polarisation1 signals
- TrendGrowth of rural municipalities near large metropolitan areas1 signals
- IssueHousing shortage and affordability under demographic pressure2 trends · 1 signals
- IssueSome cities are already shrinking in low fertility countries1 trends · 0 signals
- SignalStudy finds LLMs can approximate aggregate housing-survey results but fail to preserve population structure
11-30 years 7
- IssueCollapse of local infrastructure outside the capital region0 trends · 0 signals
- IssueJoint Korea-Japan responses to local extinction through policy, youth and digital cooperation2 trends · 2 signals
- TrendMegatrend 4: urbanisation5 signals
- SignalNine of ten future megacities expected in the developing world
- IssuePolarisation between overcrowded and hollowing cities0 trends · 0 signals
- TrendShrinkage in peripheral regions despite national growth0 signals
- TrendTrend I: Restructuring of national territory and space0 signals
Welfare & Health 25
0-3 years 7
- Signal95.5 percent of Korea's 89 designated depopulation areas are medically underserved
- SignalAbout one in ten new fathers experiences depression, with symptoms rising for five years
- TrendFatherhood is being reclassified as a perinatal health event for men2 signals
- TrendHealthcare strain expanding private care and waiting time gaps0 signals
- SignalKorea's relative poverty rate for people aged 66 and over is the highest in the OECD
- TrendNursing shortages colliding with an older, sicker population0 signals
- SignalParticipation in Korea's public senior job programmes rose from 3.9 to 8.3 percent (2015 to 2022)
4-10 years 11
- IssueCompound health crisis from low fertility, ageing, chronic disease and endemic infection0 trends · 2 signals
- TrendEveryday insecurity deepens under rapid ageing, polarisation, uneven care and poor working conditions0 signals
- SignalExpert outlook: healthy life expectancy up ten years or more and AI monitoring covering 70 percent of elder care
- IssueIntegrated governance for fragmented child and parenting support0 trends · 1 signals
- SignalMitigating Disease Spread by Design in Refugee and IDP Camps
- IssuePension, health and long term care systems under ageing pressure1 trends · 1 signals
- IssuePolarisation is judged to be damaging growth through human capital, fertility and demand3 trends · 2 signals
- IssueStrengthening infertility support: costs, mental strain and regional access1 trends · 1 signals
- SignalThe complex relationship between the digital divide, social capital, and mental health among older adults: a multi-method path decomposition
- IssueThe plan proposes a 'basic society' guaranteeing care, income, health, housing, mobility and energy across the life course1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueUsing science to sustain healthy lives in the world's fastest-ageing society and counter rising threats0 trends · 1 signals
11-30 years 5
- TrendMore age-related disease and multimorbidity0 signals
- IssueMounting fiscal burden of welfare and pensions0 trends · 1 signals
- IssueRising social burden of non-communicable diseases0 trends · 1 signals
- TrendTrend M: Threats to sustainable health systems5 signals
- IssueWeakening foundations of medical and welfare services0 trends · 1 signals
Other 2
- IssueAir pollution raising chronic disease burden in older people1 trends · 0 signals
- IssueHealthy life expectancy stalling without prevention and early detection1 trends · 0 signals
Education & Generations 7
- SignalAbout 30,000 STEM students leave Korea each year and net talent outflow has widened
- TrendFalling pupil numbers making schools unviable0 signals
- SignalSTEM graduate numbers projected to fall from 93,000 to 51,000 by 2050 as the path to employment lengthens
- SignalSchool-age population projected to fall 40 percent by 2040, widening regional education gaps
- IssueTransformation of the education system in a shrinking society0 trends · 1 signals
- SignalUniversities with enrolment below 95 percent rose 3.6-fold and those below 50 percent about 17-fold from 2018 to 2024
- SignalWorld Youth Skills Day 2026 — NEET gender gap highlighted
AI & Computing 3
Bio & Health Tech 3
Energy & Climate Tech 1
Values & Lifestyles 6
- SignalA parent recruits four neighbourhood grandmothers for her child
- TrendAgeing, individualising and diversifying society straining cohesion0 signals
- TrendFive defining features of society a decade ahead, from digital life to normalised risk1 signals
- TrendFuture Humanity3 signals
- SignalPeople with access to social infrastructure report close friends at 32% versus 9%
- TrendSocial connection is entering the design brief as physical infrastructure2 signals
Media & Information Ecosystem 1
Religion & Identity 1
- IssueA return to tribalism and the politicisation of group conflict0 trends · 0 signals