Signal An estimated $79.4 billion of public investment built the mRNA infrastructure now reused

Summary

The report links the recent momentum behind personalized cancer vaccines to infrastructure built during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic turned mRNA from a research platform into a global system of manufacturing capacity and regulatory experience. That shift compressed years of development work into a matter of months. It was supported by an estimated $79.4 billion in public investment across vaccine development programmes worldwide. Over the same period, the cost and time needed to sequence a tumour's mutations fell sharply. Together these developments made it far more practical to design vaccines around the specific biology of each patient's cancer.