Signal EU AI publications rose 300 percent between 2013 and 2023, led by Germany, France and the Netherlands

Summary

This signal tracks the rapid growth of AI research in the European Union. EU AI research publications rose by 300% from 2013 to 2023, climbing from roughly 2,500 papers to more than 10,000. Germany, France and the Netherlands together account for more than half of the region's output. Nearly 20% of EU publications are co-authored with researchers outside the Union, and the Horizon 2020 programme has put over €1.5 billion into AI projects. Priority themes include machine learning, deep learning and AI ethics, with healthcare and industrial automation as leading application areas. Despite this growth, the report judges that the EU still trails global leaders and shows an uneven spread of research capacity.