Signal Peer comparison uses a z-score with 1.96 treated as a significance threshold

Summary

This signal explains the statistical method behind the report's peer comparisons. For each country, the category score is compared with the average for developing economies outside developing Southeast Asia. The difference is then divided by the standard deviation of that category across all developing economies. The result is a z-score showing how far a country sits above or below its peers. Values above 1.96 are treated as statistically significant differences, which is the threshold behind statements that a country scores significantly above or below the developing-economy average.