Signal The EU and ASEAN have proposed circular economy action plans and frameworks

Summary

This signal appears under the report's heading of uncertainty about economic models, one of the conditions shaping geotechnomics. The report observes that economic approaches challenging market-based structures are gaining ground. These include Indigenous perspectives, degrowth, wellbeing and peer-to-peer models. As institutional evidence it points to new circular economy action plans and frameworks proposed by the European Union and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Such approaches may involve more centralised economic planning than is usual in free-market economies. If widely adopted, the report suggests, they could shift states' economic power and diplomatic behaviour.