Issue Securing and substituting critical materials as an energy-security technology task

Summary

The author argues that the technological response to deglobalization is not about how fast renewable capacity is added. It is about how core resources and components can be secured stably and replaced when necessary. Localization of materials and recycling technology are highlighted as new technical conditions for energy security. Modular and standardized components, together with design capabilities that allow suppliers to be diversified, are named alongside them. In the deglobalization era, energy security has to be fought across the whole supply chain rather than inside the power plant. The Korean battery case shows why this matters for a country with strong manufacturing but concentrated material dependence.