Signal Russian gas fell from about 45 to 12 percent of EU gas imports between 2021 and 2025

Summary

Before the war, in 2021, the EU relied on Russia for about 45 percent of its natural gas imports and about 27 percent of its crude oil imports. Import bans on Russian coal and seaborne oil, REPowerEU's demand reduction and diversification drive, and Russia's own supply cuts combined to shrink these flows sharply. Council data show Russian gas imports falling from about 150 billion cubic metres in 2021 to about 36 billion in 2025, lowering Russia's share from roughly 45 percent to 12 percent. Over the same period imports of US gas quadrupled from 18.9 to 75.6 billion cubic metres. Russia's share of oil imports dropped from 27 percent in early 2022 to 3 percent in 2024, and coal imports have effectively stopped.