Signal Early warning 2: Core reform bill completion

Summary

The second early-warning indicator tracks how many bills tied to structural reform in pensions, labour and education the National Assembly passes, and how long that takes. The overall bill passage rate has fallen steadily, from 54.7% in the 18th Assembly to 44.9%, 37.9% and then a record low of 36.6% in the 21st. KDI also uses a reform bill index that divides a sector's passage rate by the overall rate. In the 21st Assembly the index was 0.23 for pensions, with only 8.5% of the three public pension bills passed, against 0.57 for labour and 0.55 for education. The report calls it paradoxical that legislative gridlock is worst on the most urgent reform agenda.